Sodium bicarbonate injection is a sterile solution used primarily to treat metabolic acidosis, a condition where the blood becomes too acidic, often due to severe kidney disease, uncontrolled diabetes, or cardiac arrest. It works by neutralizing excess acid in the blood, helping restore normal pH balance. The injection is administered intravenously, especially in emergency situations like cardiac arrest or severe acidosis. Common side effects include electrolyte imbalances such as low potassium or calcium levels, swelling, and increased blood pressure. Overuse can lead to alkalosis, causing symptoms like muscle twitching, irritability, or confusion. Careful monitoring during treatment is essential.
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